the.com/certificate authority
the bouncer who checks the internet's ID before letting websites through the velvet rope.
means an organization that verifies a website owns its domain and issues a digital certificate vouching for it, so your browser trusts the padlock.
from emerged in the 1990s with the rise of SSL, when Netscape needed a way to prove websites were who they claimed to be before people started typing credit card numbers into them.
trust chainyour browser ships with a preloaded list of trusted issuers
lets encryptmade certificates free, killing a shady paywall
one breacha hacked ca once let attackers impersonate google
validity shrinkingcertificate lifespans keep getting shorter for security