the.com/computing

Humanity teaching sand to think by jolting it with lightning in precise patterns.

means The activity of using or operating computers, or of performing calculations and processing information, especially by electronic machines.

from From the Latin 'computare,' to count up or reckon together — 'com-' (together) plus 'putare,' to settle an account, prune, or reckon. The same root branches into 'count' and 'putative.' For centuries a 'computer' was a person — often a woman — hired to do arithmetic by hand; only in the mid-20th century did the word migrate to the machines that took over the job.

first programmer
Ada Lovelace wrote algorithms before computers existed
silicon source
Chips begin as purified beach sand
bug origin
A real moth jammed a 1947 relay
raw scale
Top supercomputers exceed a quintillion operations per second
power hunger
Data centers rival small nations' electricity use
for instance

eniac — first general-purpose electronic computer, built at university of pennsylvania in 1946, weighed 30 tons

apple ii — first mass-produced personal computer, released by apple in 1977, had 4 kb of ram

ibm system 360 — revolutionary mainframe series launched by ibm in 1964, dominated corporate computing for decades

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