the.com/expert witness

a credentialed opinion for hire, sworn to tell the truth as billed by the hour.

means someone qualified by knowledge or experience whom a court allows to give opinion testimony, not just facts, to help a jury understand technical matters.

from english common law let witnesses testify only to what they directly observed until the 1782 case folkes v. chadd, where courts accepted an engineer's opinion on harbor silting, opening the door to specialists explaining things jurors could not judge alone.

for instance

henry leeforensic scientist in the o.j. simpson 1995 trial

michael badenpathologist who testified in george floyd case, 2021

john nordbergengineer whose 1782 opinion founded the doctrine itself

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