the.com/phase space
the map where every possible state of a system gets its own address, forever.
means an abstract space where each point represents one complete state of a system, positions and momenta included, so its whole future is a path through it.
from formalized in the late 1800s by ludwig boltzmann and josiah willard gibbs while wrestling statistical mechanics into shape, building on william rowan hamilton's phase-space-flavored reformulation of newtonian mechanics.
dimensionstwice the number of particles, position plus momentum each
liouville's theoremvolume in phase space never shrinks or grows
chaos visualstrange attractors are just phase space getting weird
quantum limitheisenberg uncertainty blurs every point into a fuzzy patch