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the answer that survives division, proof that splitting things up still leaves something standing

means The result you get when one number is divided by another.

from From Latin 'quotiens,' meaning 'how many times,' built on 'quot' ('how many') — the same root that gives us 'quota.' It came into English through medieval mathematics as the answer to the literal question division asks: how many times does this go into that?

latin root
from quotiens, meaning how many times
iq origin
intelligence quotient literally divided mental age by real age
zero divisor
divide by zero and the quotient simply refuses to exist
remainder's twin
every division yields a quotient and a leftover remainder
for instance

quotient rule calculus — fundamental derivative formula used since leibniz for (f/g)' = (f'g - fg') / g²

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