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Standing in for the absent, whether it's a senator, a symbol, or a number on a map.

means The act of standing in for, depicting, or symbolizing something — a person, idea, or thing — whether through an elected delegate, an image, a sign, or a substitute that points to the real absent thing.

from From Latin 'repraesentare' — 're-' (again) plus 'praesentare' (to present, to make present), built on 'praesens' (present, at hand). Literally: to make present again — to bring back what isn't there. It entered English through Old French 'representacion' in the late Middle Ages, first carrying the sense of an image or likeness; the political flavor — one person made present in another's place — grew later as parliaments and assemblies took shape.

math roots
In algebra, groups gain meaning as matrices acting on space
three-fifths
US Constitution once counted enslaved people as partial representation
taxation link
No representation became a rallying cry for revolution
mirror principle
Descriptive representation argues bodies should resemble the represented
art history
Abstraction emerged by rejecting faithful visual representation
for instance

house of representatives — 435 elected members representing us congressional districts since 1913

representative democracy — citizens elect officials to make decisions on their behalf, practiced in most modern democracies including canada, germany, india

proportional representation — electoral system where parties get seats matching their vote share, used in netherlands, israel, new zealand

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