the.com/state capture
corruption's promotion: instead of bribing officials, you just become the government.
means a form of systemic corruption where private interests hijack the state's own decision-making machinery to serve themselves, not the public.
from coined by world bank economists in the late 1990s studying post-soviet economies, where oligarchs realized buying a law was cheaper and more permanent than buying a favor.
vs ordinary briberybribery bends one decision, capture rewrites the rulebook
world bank termfirst used to describe 1990s post-soviet oligarch economies
south africazondo commission ran four years, filled 5,500 pages
legal but rottenoften works entirely through technically lawful appointments
for instance
gupta family south africa — allegedly shaped zuma cabinet picks, 2009 to 2018
yukos era russia — oligarchs steered kremlin policy before putin's crackdown
odebrecht latin america — one firm bribed officials across 12 countries, 2001 to 2016