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liquid juniper that armed an empire and ruined eighteenth-century London in equal measure

means A clear distilled spirit flavored chiefly with juniper berries, drunk neat, chilled, or as the backbone of countless cocktails.

from The name is a clipping of older English 'geneva' or 'genever,' which has nothing to do with the Swiss city — it comes from Dutch 'jenever,' meaning juniper, ultimately from Latin 'juniperus.' Dutch distillers perfected the juniper-laced spirit, and English soldiers fighting in the Low Countries brought home both the drink and its 'Dutch courage,' shortening the mouthful to plain 'gin.'

botanical law
legally must taste predominantly of juniper berries
gin craze
1700s Londoners drank it instead of unsafe water
tonic trick
quinine in tonic once fought malaria for colonists
bathtub origins
Prohibition gin was distilled in actual bathtubs
name shrinkage
derived from genever, itself from juniper in Dutch
for instance

tanqueray — british gin distilled in scotland since 1830, world's best-selling premium gin

bombay sapphire — indian-inspired gin by bombay dry, known for distinctive blue bottle and 10 botanicals

hendrick's — scottish gin infused with cucumber, launched 1999 and revolutionized gin cocktails

gordon's london dry — world's best-selling gin globally, produced since 1769 in england

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