the.com/salting
the same password everyone shares, disguised as if it were unique.
means adding random unique data to each password before hashing it, so identical passwords don't produce identical hashes.
from unix pioneers ferguson and morris seasoned password files in the 1970s, literally borrowing the food-preservation term for adding something extra to change the outcome.
defeatsrainbow table attacks completely
storedalongside the hash, not secretly
lengthtypically 16 to 32 random bytes