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the art of betraying one language to be faithful to another.

means The act of rendering text or speech from one language into another, carrying meaning across the gap between them.

from From Latin translatio, "a carrying across," built from trans- ("across") and the verb ferre ("to carry") — its past participle latus gives us the -lation. So a translation is literally something carried over from one shore of language to another, and you can feel the same root in transfer and transport.

untranslatable
German has a word for tree-poking with sticks: Baumstreichen myth aside, many exist
septuagint
70 scholars allegedly produced identical Bible translations independently
false friends
Spanish embarazada means pregnant, not embarrassed
machine gap
Early systems turned 'spirit is willing' into 'vodka is good'
lost works
Aristotle survived Europe only via Arabic retranslations
for instance

rosetta stone — egyptian decree inscribed in three scripts (hieroglyphic, demotic, greek) enabling decipherment of ancient egyptian writing, 196 bce

penguin classics — series publishing 2000+ classic texts in new translations across 60+ languages since 1946

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