the.com/international waters

the ocean's way of saying nobody's boss here, past 200 nautical miles from shore.

means the parts of the sea beyond any nation's exclusive economic zone, where no single country's laws rule and a patchwork of treaties tries to keep order instead.

from the idea traces to seventeenth-century jurist hugo grotius, who argued the sea couldn't be owned like land, coining mare liberum, free sea, against nations trying to claim entire oceans as property.

for instance

unclos 1982the treaty 168 nations signed to define these zones

somali piracy watersgulf of aden became a lawless hotspot in the 2000s

south china sea disputeschina, vietnam, philippines clash over claims since the 1970s

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