the.com/intellectual freedom
the right to think, read, and say the unauthorized thing without a permission slip.
means the principle that people can seek, hold, and express ideas — even offensive or unpopular ones — without censorship or punishment.
from rooted in enlightenment thinking about free inquiry, later crystallized by john stuart mill's on liberty (1859) and formalized in library and free-speech movements of the 20th century.
library oathala's library bill of rights dates to 1939
not absolutemost countries still carve out defamation, incitement exceptions
cold war ironyboth us and ussr claimed to champion it
banned books weekamerican librarians celebrate challenged titles yearly
for instance
index librorum prohibitorum — catholic church's banned book list, ran 1559 to 1966
charlie hebdo attack — 2015 paris shooting over satirical cartoons
samizdat literature — soviet citizens hand-copied banned texts underground
salman rushdie fatwa — 1989 death sentence over the satanic verses