the.com/necessity

the mother of invention, and the worst excuse a tyrant ever gave for cruelty.

means Something that is essential or unavoidable — a thing you genuinely must have or do, rather than merely want.

from From Latin necessitas, built on necesse, "unavoidable, inevitable," which itself seems to stitch ne- ("not") to a root tied to cedere ("to give way, yield") — so at its bones a necessity is what does NOT yield, what cannot be stepped around. It reached English in the 14th century through Old French necessite.

roman law
Necessitas non habet legem — necessity knows no law
pitt's line
Called necessity the plea of every tyrant in 1783
economics
Necessities defy demand curves: people buy them anyway
maslow
Basic needs must be met before higher ones surface
philosophy
Spinoza argued all things happen by absolute necessity
for instance

maslow's hierarchy of needs — 1943 psychological theory by abraham maslow identifying physiological needs as foundational human necessities

necessity defense — legal doctrine allowing illegal action if needed to prevent greater harm, established in r v dudley and stephens 1884

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